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If you open Stable theme page.html.twig template file:
/core/themes/stable/templates/layout/page.html.twig
Then you will find that it differs from the Drupal 7 page.tpl.php template, firstly, by the extension and secondly, by the abundance of curly braces {}. This is all because Drupal uses the Twig template engine.
Starting with this article, we will do our theme thing on Drupal. In this section of the tutorial, we will analyze the basics of the topic on Drupal, where what lies, how to include and use CSS, JavaScript. To do your theme will be based on the theme-builder of the core Stable. If you want to learn Drupal, then Stable is a great start. If you want to learn Drupal, then Stable is a great start. You should not start with Bootstrap, you will constantly have questions and errors.
In Drupal 7, you could quickly and easily make a subtopic on Zen and start building your website. Since Drupal 8 there are also several theme builder for creating your own themes. But before doing subtheme on them, you will need to figure out a little where where is located.
Drupal developers suggest that we consider the Stark example theme. This topic has been added to Drupal, just to familiarize yourself with how the theme is arranged. Let's see what lies inside this theme:
Stark.info.yml file
Zen is the most popular builder theme for Drupal. If you need to quickly make a responsive design for a site based on three column layouts, then Zen is what you need. You just install it and run npm install and zen prepares you the foundation for your design. Let's take it in order.
Download the Zen parent theme from the official website:
https://www.drupal.org/project/zen
Since Drupal 8 we can put themes directly into the / themes folder, so we put the folder with the theme there.
First, we need to learn how to display blocks and pages using Views. Let's start with the pages. We display all the articles on our site.
Output pages through Views.
Let's create our first view, go to the menu Manage - Structure — Views.
In this video, we will explore how to work with the powerful form builder Webform. Let’s go to the modules page. To create webforms, we need to enable the Webform and Webform UI modules. If you want to display webforms as node pages, then you will need the Webform Node module.
In the last article, we made a slideshow using Views Slideshow. But we still have an unstylized paginator with small pictures.
In this article, we will look at how to add OwlCarousel and add CSS using an additional library.
In this article, we use a custom module to connect OwlCarousel, but next time we will stylize the slideshow in the files of the theme.
https://drupalbook.org/sites/default/files/inline-images/drupalbook_owlcarousel.zip
Drupal uses the new Twig template engine. Therefore, all topics were redone for him. Let's go in and see what lies in the /core/themes folder
We have a Twig template; builder themes classy, stable, stark; ready-made themes bartik, seven.
Template Twig
Drupal incorporates part of the Symfony libraries:
The theming in Drupal 8 has been changed. This is primarily due to the transition to object-oriented programming and the use of the twig template engine. If earlier it was enough to learn a little PHP, HTML, CSS and start creating your own theme, now you need to figure out twig as well. On the one hand, this complicates the development of Drupal, but on the other hand simplifies the development process.
The first thing to do when starting to promote your site on Drupal is to install the SEO Checklist module: